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Allahabad bank – The risk materializes

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update : 03/04
blog.rcfunds.com (referred to in the comment on this post) is also my website. I eventually plan to migrate this blog to that website. however my new website is still beta. I need to improve the look and feel of that website. As a result i have not publicized it, thinking no one will notice it. I guess i was wrong. Anyway, i will be posting my posts on both locations at the same time.


I had written on Allahabad bank earlier. I mentioned the following as a key risk

The biggest risk for the bank is political interference. As the majority shareholder is our government, you can never be sure what hairbrained scheme they will come up with. In the past there have been loan melas, loan writeoff etc. This has reduced in the last few years, but you never know.

Well, the risk has materialized. The FM has announced a loan waiver for small farmers to the tune of 60000 Crs. Forget about the fact that this money may never reach the farmers, a part of this money could come from PSU banks like Allahabad bank which has a 55% Government holding.

The bank has a 7000+ cr loan portfolio for the agricultre sector. The best case scenario is that the government would compensate the banks completely for this waiver, but I think that is unlikely. A probable scenario is some losses on this portfolio. A 10% loss on this portfolio would be a 20% hit to the Networth of the Bank. In addition PSU banks could get poor valuations going forward as the market will not trust that the government would not pull off a similar scheme again in the future.

This case is different from HPCL (see analysis here). In case of HPCL, the subsidy is priced into the stock. Any positive development such a moderate price hike would help the company. In case of allahabad bank, this risk is not priced into the stock.

As of now, I am not sure how this will play out. I generally do not concern myself with price movements. However a fundamental development such as the one above is different. I may be wrong on this one and this development in the short term, may not impact the company. However this is definitely a moral hazard for banks in the long run. Rural borowers may start expecting such writeoffs again in the future. Net Net, I am not interested in risking my capital to find out.

Disclosure : I have maintained a small position in the stock as the stock seemed undervalued, but not by a big margin. However I am now planning to exit the stock completely.

GSK consumer products

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About
GSK consumer is a 1300 Cr consumer goods company with well known brands such as Horlicks, Boost, Maltova, Crocin etc. The company is a part of the Glaxo smithkline group which specialises in pharma products

Financials
The company has done well for the last 5 years after a dip in performance in 2001-2002. The company topline dropped by 12% in 2002 and the bottomline by 33%. The company has since then recovered the topline growth to around 10% per annum and Net profit growth to around 12-15% CAGR.
The RONW/ROCE have improved to 20%+ levels due to improvement in margins and Asset turns. The company has no debt and an approximate cash of 300 Crs.

Positives
The company has strong brands, well established distribution network and a high market share in its category (around 70%). In addition the company has cash of 300 Crs on its balance sheet.
The management has been a rational allocator of capital. They have maintained a dividend payout of almost 35%. In addition the management executed a buyback in 2006 of around 125Crs using up the excess cash. The current cash on the Balance sheet is for acquisitions and to grow the business.
The company plans to introduce 2-3 of its international brands in the couple of years such as sensodyne, breathe right etc.

Risks
This is a single product company. Crocin and Iodex brands are not owned by it. The company only distributes it for the parent and gets a fee for it. As a result topline and bottom line is based on a single product category and it can get hit again as in the past by a drop in the demand or competition or both.

The company has plans to acquire new brands and businesses, but it remains to be seen how that will play out.
In addition it remains to be seen if the Global brands to be introduced in india would be successful or not.

Valuation
The company current sells at around a PE of 13.5 (after taking out the cash). A rough calculation (ROE = 20%, growth around 7-10% and CAP of 8-10 years) would give an intrinsic value of around 3000 Crs. This valuation does not include upside from Global brands or any accquisition. Those would be icing on the cake, but I would not value them as yet.

conclusion
The company seems to be undervalued by 20-30%. In addition the upside from introducing global brands or any acquisition is not included in the calculation. So that could be a positive upside (or a negative if it fails). I find the investment idea good, but not mouth watering. Would like to wait and watch

Disclaimer : I don’t hold the stock (as yet). In addition I may change my mind at any time on that and may not put that on the blog. So please look at the disclaimer below and take your own decision.

Reverse engineering the L&T stock price

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I got the following comment from abhishek

Hi Rohit,
Using the same concept, dont u think L&T is a very expensive stock trading at PE of above 70.
To sustain this PE, how much growth it must show in the future?
Does this PE look sustainable?
If no, could u please help us understand this calculation by using L&T as an example?

Following is a very brief unpacking or analysis of the expectations embedded in the stock price. Is the stock undervalued?…that is your call

Caution: I have done a quick analysis and hence there are a lot of assumptions (such as net profit = Free cash flow) and shortcuts. i have not done a detailed analysis as the company does not pass my initial selection criteria

The stock sells at a PE of around 30 (assuming consolidated profits of around 3000 crs for the year. LY was 2250 Crs).

The ROE is around 30%+ and Debt equity is around 1:1 based on 2007 Balance sheet.

You can plug the following numbers in the spreadsheet – quantitative calculation – ROC and PE to calculate the embedded expectations

1. ROE = 30% (approximate). Use the DCF calcluations on line 88
2. Growth ~ 20% ( 5 year average growth was 50% per annum). This is clearly an assumption and one can play around with it
3. CAP – Take as 10 years. Again an assumption. Increase or decrease based on your assesment of competition and industry
4. Free cash flow = Net profit

If you plug the above numbers, the model throws a PE of around 36 (close enough!)

So the expectations seem to be

– Company will maintain an ROE of 30% or more
– Growth for the 10 years would be 20%. If you are more optimistic, increase the number and you will find the company is undervalued (as expected).
– After 10 years , L&T would be a 40 bn dollar company! , with net profit of 4.5 bn dollars (19000 crore)
So the stock market is discounting the above performance. If you think the company is undervalued you are saying

The ROE of the company will be higher than 30%
Growth with higher than 20% and hence 10 years later the company would be a much larger company, making the same margins and profits.

Suggestion: I have not done this, but look around for such EPC companies worldwide and check the size, growth and PE for these companies. That could give a hint how large and profitable L&T can get.

Correction to the post : valuation – reverse engineering the stock price

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There was an error in the analysis of crisil in the post . I had looked at the standalone numbers only and not the consolidated numbers (as an anonymous reader has pointed out in the comments)

So crisil may not be a good example of over valuation. I am not sure how undervalued the company is. It sells at a PE of 33 (approximate Net profit of 100 odd crs for 2007). I have analysed the company earlier here …and I have underestimated the competitive advantage of this company and its ability to keep increasing its instrinsic value.

That said, if I were make my point in the post again, I would replace crisil with any of the Real estate companies or capital goods company which have a high performance hurdle to cross (due to their high PE) to deliver good returns to investors in the future.

The post was however was not an analysis of CRISL. The key point is this – A good company may not be a good stock and vice versa (important word is ‘may’) . That depends on whether the stock price fully discounts the future performance of the company or not. If one has to make money in such high PE stocks, then the actual performance has to be better than what is implied by the stock

Low PE or low valuation stocks have low expectations built in and hence a small improvement in the company performance can deliver good returns. High PE or stocks selling at high valuations are stars of the Stock market. If they stumble even a bit, the stock price can get butchered. So one has to be confident and sure that the company will meet the high expectations well into the distant future.

I have personal experience of seeing a stock drop 90% when the company was not able to meet its high expectations (see here).

Ofcourse you can say that I am not as dumb as rohit and will not make a mistake like him 🙂

Feb 23 :
Following quote from peter lynch is very relevant to the topic of this post

“It’s a real tragedy when you buy a stock that’s overpriced; the company is a big success and you still don’t make any money.” Peter Lynch, “One Up on Wall Street,” New York, Penguin Books, 1989, p. 244.

I am a big fan of Mohnish Pabrai. He is a very succesful investment manager and has recently written a great book – dhandho investor.

Following article from mohnish explains the key point of the post – A good company may not be a good stock and vice versa in a great (and much better) way.

Valuation by intrinsic value.

In addition you can find the links for a lot of mohnish’s articles here. I strongly recommend reading each article

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